Post‐diagnosis adiposity, physical activity, sedentary behaviour, dietary factors, supplement use and colorectal cancer prognosis: Global Cancer Update Programme (CUP Global) summary of evidence grading | Semantic Scholar (2024)

Limited‐suggestive evidence for recreational physical activity with all‐cause mortality and cancer recurrence is concluded and future research should focus on randomised trials, while observational studies should obtain objective and repeated physical activity measures and better adjustment for confounders.

Additional, well‐conducted cohort studies and carefully designed RCTs are needed to develop specific lifestyle recommendations for colorectal cancer survivors.

A systematic review and meta‐analysis on post‐diagnosis adiposity measures (body mass index, waist circumference, waist‐to‐hip ratio, weight) or their changes and colorectal cancer outcomes indicated a reverse J‐shaped association between BMI and colorectal cancer outcomes.

Limited‐suggestive evidence for recreational physical activity with all‐cause mortality and cancer recurrence is concluded and future research should focus on randomised trials, while observational studies should obtain objective and repeated physical activity measures and better adjustment for confounders.

Additional, well‐conducted cohort studies and carefully designed RCTs are needed to develop specific lifestyle recommendations for colorectal cancer survivors.

A systematic review and meta‐analysis on post‐diagnosis adiposity measures (body mass index, waist circumference, waist‐to‐hip ratio, weight) or their changes and colorectal cancer outcomes indicated a reverse J‐shaped association between BMI and colorectal cancer outcomes.

A systematic review and meta-analysis provides comprehensive evidence that PA performed before or after cancer diagnosis is related to reduced mortality risk among CRC survivors.

Overall, there was insufficient evidence for a strong link between adiposity and survival and an established link between an exposure and increased cancer incidence does not necessarily extrapolate into an inferior post‐treatment outcome.

The authors include information on the relationship between health‐related behaviors and comorbidities, long‐term sequelae and patient‐reported outcomes, and health disparities, with attention to enabling survivors' ability to adhere to recommendations.

It was found that an unhealthy dietary pattern increased the risks of both all-cause mortality and CRC-specific mortality among CRC survivors.

LTPA was inversely associated with all-cause mortality, whereas more TV watching was associated with increased mortality risk; for both LTPA and TV watching, postdiagnosis measures independently explained the association with mortality.

Effective exercise programs should now be implemented at scale given the strength of this evidence, and the effects of programs that primarily involve resistance training, dance or walking remain uncertain.

Physical activity is associated with a lower risk of several cancers, but only colon and breast cancer associations were supported by strong or highly suggestive evidence, respectively.

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